Apple Remote Desktop (Administrator’s Guide) Uživatelský manuál

Apple Remote DesktopAdministrator’s Guide Version 3

10 Preface About This Book Using This GuideThe Apple Remote Desktop Administrator’s Guide contains chapters to help you use Remote Desktop. It con

100 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Creating and Using Task TemplatesIn each task configuration dialog, you can save a task’s settings to

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 101 Editing a Saved TaskYou may want to change a previously saved task, changing whether what the task doe

102 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers You can choose to initiate the installation of a package from the designated Task Server rather from

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 103 7 Select other installation parameters, as desired.For more information on the available options, see

104 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Installing by Using the Copy Items CommandMany applications can be installed simply by copying the ap

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 105 The software is copied to the indicated destination. If the copy is operation unsuccessful, an error m

106 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 3 Use the appropriate installation method to install the new version of the software. For more inform

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 107 If you choose to copy out to many client computers simultaneously, Remote Desktop uses network multica

108 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers More Options When the Item Already ExistsIf an item with the same name as the item you selected to co

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 109 Copying Using Drag and DropUsing Apple Remote Desktop, you can copy items by dragging them between Fin

Preface About This Book 11 Terminal Command ConventionsCommands or command parameters that you might type, along with other text that normally appe

110 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Alternatively, you can drag items from a control window to the administrator computer’s desktop.Resto

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 111 Creating ReportsApple Remote Desktop allows you to query client computers for many kinds of informatio

112 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers The database, which is a PostgreSQL database located at /var/db/RemoteManagement/RMDB/ can be accesse

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 113 You do this using the Get Info window of any client computer or the client’s own Apple Remote Desktop

114 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers System Report SizeThe file system data which is uploaded to the report database (labeled “File Search

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 115 To generate a User History report:1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window.2 Select one o

116 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Finding Files, Folders, and ApplicationsApple Remote Desktop allows you to search the contents of cli

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 117 The results of the search are listed in the pane at the bottom of the window.Note: The “Home” Spotlig

118 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 7 Click Search.The newly generated report window appears.Comparing SoftwareApple Remote Desktop has s

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 119 To generate a Software Difference report:1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window.2 Selec

12 Preface About This Book The Apple Remote Desktop Support website provides a database of technical articles about product issues, use, and imple

120 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Getting Serial NumbersAlthough there is no specific serial number report for Apple Remote Desktop, th

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 121 Getting FireWire Device InformationThe FireWire Devices report gets information about FireWire devices

122 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers To generate a USB Devices report:1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window.2 Select one o

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 123 Getting Memory InformationThe Memory report gets specific information about the installed memory in a

124 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers To generate a PCI Cards report:1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window.2 Select one or

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 125 Here are some suggestions for evaluating your network performance based on this report:Â The number of

126 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers  Unicode (UTF-16): Best choice if the report contains Asian language characters.7 Select a field se

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 127 Maintaining SystemsApple Remote Desktop provides easy and powerful tools for maintaining client comput

128 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Emptying the TrashApple Remote Desktop allows you to empty the Trash on clients to free up disk space

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 129 If you select Restart When Done, the client computer will restart after having its startup volume set.

1 131 Using Apple Remote DesktopApple Remote Desktop helps you keep Macintosh computers and the software running on them up to date and trouble f

130 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers To synchronize client computer clocks:1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window.2 Select

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 131 5 Alternatively, manually enter the UNIX command.a Type or paste the following UNIX command:osascript

132 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 4 Type or paste the following UNIX command (replace /Path_To_Application with your own path to the de

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 133 a Type or paste the following UNIX command:systemsetup -setsleep minutes number_of_minutes_to_sleep -s

134 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers To set up printer preferences using Copy Items:1 Set up a client computer’s print preference using th

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 135 Managing ComputersUsing Apple Remote Desktop, you can control multiple client computers simultaneously

136 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers To open an item:1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window.2 Select one or more computers

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 137 Quitting Applications Without Logging Out the UserApple Remote Desktop can quit running applications o

138 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Waking Up a ComputerApple Remote Desktop can wake up computers that have gone to sleep or been put to

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 139 To lock a computer screen:1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window.2 Select one or more c

14 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop You can administer client computers individually, but most Apple Remote Desktop features can be used to ma

140 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Disabling a Computer ScreenSometimes you may want to control a client computer with a user at the cli

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 141 keystroke returnend tell EndOfMyScript 5 Choose user “root” to run the command. 6 Click Send.The clien

142 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Shutting Down a ComputerApple Remote Desktop can shut down a client computer. This has the same resul

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 143 UNIX Shell CommandsIn addition to its own tasks, Apple Remote Desktop provides a way to easily execute

144 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers For more information about Task Templates, see “Creating and Using Task Templates” on page 100.The bu

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 145 Executing a Single UNIX CommandUsing the UNIX Command window, you can send a single command to the sel

146 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers To copy and execute a script:1 Prepare and save your script.Make sure your script is saved as plain t

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 147 Alternatively, you could use a UNIX “read standard input” redirection which looks like:osascript <&

148 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers /System/Library/CoreServices/RemoteManagement/ARDAgent.app/Contents/Support/networksetup -help For M

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 149 Any command in the Mac OS X Server command-line guide which uses networksetup can be used in Remote De

Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 15 Deploying SoftwareApple Remote Desktop lets you distribute software and related files to client computers f

150 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers -setremotelogin ( on | off ) Sets remote login (SSH) to either on or off. Important If you turn off r

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 151 Any command in the Mac OS X Server command-line guide that uses systemsetup can be used in Remote Desk

152 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers  Deactivate Remote Desktop access for a computer:$ sudo /System/Library/CoreServices/RemoteManagemen

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 153 The user accounting data includes all possible reported information for the following report:Â User Hi

154 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers To set the default data reporting policy template:1 Choose Remote Desktop > Preferences.2 Select T

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 155 To set the Task Server location:1 Open Remote Desktop.2 Choose Remote Desktop > Preferences.3 Click

156 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 8 Click OK.9 Save the task and choose where the task will appear in the Remote Desktop window.Editing

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 157 Remote Desktop’s AppleScript BasicsAppleScript scripts consist of commands that are sent to objects. O

158 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers This entry tells you what the verb can act on and how. This entry says that Remote Desktop can add a

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 159 -- perform the taskexecute clean_task on these_computers-- empty the trash afterwardexecute (make new

16 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop For example, you can use Apple Software Update to download an iCal update or an operating system update to

160 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Using Automator actions, you can even create your own interfaces to Apple Remote Desktop functions wi

161AAppendixA Icon and Port ReferenceThe following tables illustrate some of the icons found in the main window of Remote Desktop. The final tab

162 Appendix A Icon and Port Reference List Menu IconsThe following icons are used in the Apple Remote Desktop list area of Remote Desktop’s main w

Appendix A Icon and Port Reference 163 System Status Icons (Basic)The following icons are shown as initial high-level status indicators for observe

164 Appendix A Icon and Port Reference TCP and UDP Port ReferenceApple Remote Desktop uses the following TCP and UDP ports for the functions indica

165BAppendixB Report Field Definitions ReferenceThe following sections describe the available fields in some of the Apple Remote Desktop reports

166 Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference Velocity Engine Yes/NoL2 Cache Size In KBL3 Cache Size In KBMachine Model Memory In KBEmpty RAM S

Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference 167 Primary Network Hardware AddressPrimary Network Input ErrorsPrimary Network Input PacketsPrimary

168 Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference Storage ReportList category Field name Notes or exampleHardware Options Drive ManufacturerDrive M

Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference 169 USB Devices ReportFireWire Devices ReportMemory ReportPCI Cards ReportField name Notes or example

Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 17 Client computers that boot from a NetBoot image get a fresh system environment every time they start up. Fo

170 Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference Network Interfaces ReportROM Revision Displays onlyCard RevisionCard Memory Displays onlyDate col

Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference 171 Output Queue Stall CountEthernet Statistics Ethernet Alignment ErrorsEthernet FCS Errors Frame Ch

172 Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference Network Test ReportAdministration Settings ReportEthernet Transmitter Resource ErrorsEthernet Col

Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference 173 Application Usage ReportUser History ReportGeneral Version Apple Remote Desktop version and build

174 AppendixCC AppleScript Remote Desktop SuiteThis appendix shows the contents of Remote Desktop’s AppleScript Dictionary.This appendix is not a sub

Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite 175 application n [inh. application; see also Standard Suite]: Remote Desktop’s top level scripting ob

176 Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite copy items task n [inh. task > item]: Copy items to the target computers.ELEMENTScontained by a

Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite 177 empty trash task n [inh. task > item]: Empty the trash on the target computers.ELEMENTScontaine

178 Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite naming uniquely (boolean): Should each machine be forced to have a numerically unique name target

Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite 179 share screen task n [inh. task > item]: Share a computers screen to the target computers.ELEMEN

18 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Taking InventoryApple Remote Desktop lets you capture data describing the attributes of client computers,

180 AppendixDD PostgreSQL Schema SampleThis chapter contains SQL commands to assist SQL programmers in obtaining the database schema used in Apple Re

Appendix D PostgreSQL Schema Sample 181 lastupdated | timestamp with time zone | Sample list of property namesCommand:/System/Library/CoreService

Index182 IndexAaborting a task 98accesschanging privileges 69group-based 62via local account 61Access Privileges 59adding Dock items 131adminis

Index 183 GGeneral preferences 36group-based authorization 65guest access 65Hhard disk maintenance 131hardware asset management 119Help Desk Mode

184 Index Automator 159Secure Screen Blanking. See curtain mode.securitybest practices 73preferences 36sending scripts via UNIX command 145–147ser

Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 19 File Search ReportUse the File Search report to search client systems for specific files and folders and to

K Apple Computer, Inc.© 2006 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. The owner or authorized user of a valid copy of Apple Remote Desktop software

20 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Application Usage ReportUse the Application Usage report to find out which applications have been running

Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 21 Housekeeping Apple Remote Desktop provides several ways to remotely control client computers for housekeepi

22 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Locking Computer ScreensYou can lock the screens of client computers for specified durations when you don’

Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 23 Providing Help Desk SupportWhen a user is having trouble, Apple Remote Desktop provides several ways to int

24 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Screen ControllingUse Apple Remote Desktop to control the user’s screen in order to diagnose and fix the p

Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 25 Interacting with StudentsApple Remote Desktop helps instructors teach more efficiently by letting them inte

26 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Locking ScreensLock student screens to prevent students from using their computer when you want them to fo

Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 27 Additional information can be obtained at several Apple websites:Â For information about NetBoot and Networ

228 2 Getting to Know Remote DesktopRemote Desktop is the administrator application for Apple Remote Desktop. Its attractive interface is powerful,

Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 29 Remote Desktop Main WindowThe main window of Remote Desktop has a customizable toolbar, groups of lists

3 3 Contents Preface 9 About This Book10 Using This Guide 10 Remote Desktop Help 10 Notation Conventions 11 Where to Find More Information Abo

30 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop F Scanner: Scanners find clients to add to the All Computers list. You can make new scanners and cust

Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 31 Task DialogsWhen you click a task, a dialog appears to let you set task parameters or confirm the task.

32 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop Control and Observe WindowThis window is the same for both controlling and observing a single client.

Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 33 Multiple-Client Observe WindowWhen you observe many clients at the same time, they all appear in the sa

34 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop Report WindowReports serve as valuable shortcuts when you’re copying files and organizing computer lis

Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 35 Changing Report LayoutYou can customize report layouts for your own purposes. By default, reports inclu

36 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop Configuring Remote DesktopYou can configure the Remote Desktop administrator application to meet your

Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 37  Whether other Apple Remote Desktop administrators can access your local Task Server Whether clients

38 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop Drag and drop works on configuration dialogsConfiguration dialogs accept dragged items. Computer lists

3 393 Installing Apple Remote DesktopTo use Apple Remote Desktop, install the administration software on the administrator computer first, and th

4 Contents 41 Upgrading the Remote Desktop Administrator Software 42 Upgrading the Client Software 42 Method #1—Remote Upgrade Installation 43 Method

40 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop Network Requirements Ethernet (recommended), AirPort, FireWire, or other network connectionSee “Sett

Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 41 10 Configure some client computers for administration, find them in a scanner, and add them to a compu

42 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop Upgrading the Client SoftwareThis section contains information on installing Apple Remote Desktop 3 o

Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 43 Method #2—Manual InstallationThis method works best if you have never enabled Apple Remote Desktop on

44 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop To upgrade existing client software using SSH:1 Create the custom client installer package.For detail

Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 45 4 Click Continue to begin creating a custom installer.5 Choose whether to start Remote Desktop sharing

46 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 17 Click Continue.18 Select a location for the installer.19 Click Continue to create the installer.An

Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 47 5 Delete the Remote Desktop documentation using the following commands in the Terminal application.sud

48 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop Uninstalling the Client Software from Client ComputersTo remove Apple Remote Desktop client software

4 494 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer ListsApple Remote Desktop uses lists of client computers to logically organize the client compute

Contents 5 68 Command-Line SSH Access 68 Managing Client Administration Settings and Privileges 69 Getting an Administration Settings Report 69 Chang

50 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists If you want to change the default display list for the scanner, you can select Edit &

Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 51 To search a range of network addresses:1 Select a scanner at the left of the Remote De

52 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists Finding Clients by File ImportYou can import a list of computers into Apple Remote De

Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 53 5 Customize the search by entering the specific parameters for the search (such as an

54 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists Creating an Apple Remote Desktop Computer ListYou can make more specific, targeted li

Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 55 To create a smart computer list:1 Choose File > New Smart List.2 Name the smart com

56 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 8 Add other conditions and criteria as desired.9 Create the final Smart List by click

Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 57 8 Select the exported list, and click Open.The list now appears in Remote Desktop’s ma

58 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists To transfer the computer lists:1 Open Keychain Access (located in /Applications/Utili

5 595 Understanding and Controlling Access PrivilegesThere are several different ways to access and authenticate to Apple Remote Desktop clients.

6 Contents 93 Sharing a Screen with Client Computers 94 Monitoring a Screen Sharing Tasks 94 Interacting with Your Apple Remote Desktop Administrator

60 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges The following table shows the settings in the Apple Remote Desktop settings in the Sh

Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 61 Setting Apple Remote Desktop Administrator Access Authorization and Privileges Using L

62 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges Apple Remote Desktop Administrator Access Using Directory ServicesYou can also grant

Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 63 In the XML, you name a privilege key and make the value the name of the group or group

64 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges For more information on using Workgroup Manager, and Open Directory, see their docume

Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 65 Method #2You can create groups with special names that correspond to the privilege key

66 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges To allow guest access:1 On the client computer, open System Preferences and click Sha

Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 67 Each of these features can be enabled or disabled independently of each other, or you

68 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges To allow VNC access:1 On the client computer, open System Preferences and click Shari

Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 69 Getting an Administration Settings ReportYou can query active Apple Remote Desktop cli

Contents 7129 Renaming Computers129 Synchronizing Computer Time130 Setting Computer Audio Volume131 Repairing File Permissions131 Adding Items to the

70 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 8 Add a new user by clicking Add and filling in the appropriate information.Click OK

6 716 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining SecurityThis chapter describes the main aspects of setting up your network for use with Apple Remote

72 Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security  Organize computers you’re administering using Apple Remote Desktop into small group

Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security 73 Â Wireless networks also are not suited for multicast traffic. However Apple Remote De

74 Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security Administrator Application Security Make use of user mode to limit what nonadministra

Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security 75 Â Quit the Remote Desktop application when you have finished using it. If you have not

76 Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security To enable Observe and Control transport encryption:1 Choose Remote Desktop > Prefe

7 777 Interacting with UsersApple Remote Desktop is a powerful tool for interacting with computer users across a network. You can interact by con

78 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users ControllingApple Remote Desktop allows you to control remote computers as if you were sitting in front of them

Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 79 Also, special keys including the sound volume, screen brightness, and Media Eject keys do not affect the client

8 ContentsAppendix B 165 Report Field Definitions Reference165 System Overview Report167 Storage Report169 USB Devices Report169 FireWire Devices Repo

80 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Switching the Control Window Between Full Size And Fit-To-WindowWhen controlling a client, you can see the cli

Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 81 Hiding a User’s Screen While ControllingSometimes you may want to control a client computer with a user at the

82 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Sharing Clipboards for Copy and PasteYou can transfer data between the Clipboards of the administrator and cli

Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 83 2 Select one computer from the list.3 Choose Interact > Control.If the controlled computer’s screen is large

84 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users VNC Control OptionsAfter you have added a VNC server to a computer list (or when you are first adding it), you

Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 85 If you want to control the third display, you would enter:vncserver.example.com:5902Configuring an Apple Remote

86 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Remote Desktop allows you to observe multiple clients on the same screen, cycling through the list of observed

Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 87  the observe window is resized, shrinking the information beneath the threshold the setting for the number of

88 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Changing Screen Titles While ObservingWhile you are observing multiple computers, you can change the title und

Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 89 There are two levels of detail for system statistics. The top level is a single icon (a red, yellow, or green i

9PrefaceAbout This BookWhat Is Apple Remote Desktop?Apple Remote Desktop is easy-to-use, powerful, open standards-based, desktop management soft

90 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users To show system status in the observe window:1 Click View Options in the observe window’s toolbar.2 Select Disp

Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 91 Observing Multiple ComputersWhen you observe multiple client computers, each client screen is scaled down, so t

92 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Sending MessagesApple Remote Desktop allows you to communicate with users of Apple Remote Desktop client compu

Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 93 5 Press the Return key to complete and send each line.Viewing Attention RequestsAfter a client user sends an at

94 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Monitoring a Screen Sharing TasksYou may want to keep track of the screen sharing tasks you have begun. You ca

Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 95 Canceling an Attention RequestIf a user no longer needs the Apple Remote Desktop administrator’s attention, he

896 8 Administering Client ComputersApple Remote Desktop gives you powerful administrative control. You can manually or automatically get detailed i

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 97 Remote Desktop keeps track of three kinds of task progress: active, Task Server, and completed. Active

98 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Getting Active Task StatusWhen you get a task’s current status, you see the progress of the task, the

Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 99 To stop a currently running task:1 Select the Active Tasks list.2 Select the desired task in the Remote