Apple IP (AppleShare IP) Gateway Uživatelský manuál

KApple IP Gateway Administrator’s Guide

About IP networksThe Internet Protocol (IP) and its companion, the Transmission ControlProtocol (TCP), were first developed as part of a United States

How the gateway worksOn both AppleTalk and IP networks, data is broken down into packets fortransmission. The two network types use different sets of

Figure 1 How the Apple IP Gateway worksClient Macintoshrunning MacTCPMacintosh running the Apple IP Gatewayand MacTCP Local IP hostAppleTalk networkIP

How the gateway can be usedDepending on the type of AppleTalk network you are working with and theneeds of your network users, you can run the gateway

Figure 2 Combining an Apple Internet Router with the Apple IP Gateway lets you offer gateway services to all Macintosh computers served by the router.

The Apple IP Gateway and the Apple Internet Router AppleTalk/IP Wide Area ExtensionAlthough it is easy to confuse the Apple IP Gateway and Apple Inter

Figure 3 The Apple IP Gateway provides communication with IP computers; the Apple InternetRouter AppleTalk/IP Wide Area Extension creates a tunnel thr

Using the gateway with an Apple Remote Access serverApple Remote Access software creates a remote extension of an AppleTalknetwork, with packets trans

Figure 4 Apple Remote Access (ARA) client access to IP servicesLocal IP hostEthernet cableIP routerMacintosh with Apple IP Gateway running MacTCP and

The Apple IP Gateway and the AppleSearch WAIS GatewayAppleSearch 1.5 includes a WAIS Gateway that allows AppleSearch clients tosearch WAIS (wide area

This manual and the software described in it arecopyrighted, with all rights reserved. Under the copyrightlaws, this manual or the software may not be

Hardware and software requirementsThe Apple IP Gateway may be installed on any Macintosh II or laterMacintosh computer that is equipped withm Ethernet

This chapter covers all available options for installation of the Apple IPGateway and describes the procedures for each. Proper setup varies according

International usersIf you are installing the Apple IP Gateway on a non–United States Macintoshcomputer, you should run the Network Software Installer

3 Click OK.The Easy Install dialog box appears:4 If necessary, click Switch Disk until the name of the disk you want to install on appears.The Easy In

Clicking Continue automatically quits all open programs and begins theinstallation. Clicking Cancel quits the Installer and leaves your hard diskuncha

2 Click Customize.The Customize dialog box appears:3 If necessary, click Switch Disk until the name of the disk you want to install on appears.The Cus

5 Click Install to place the networking software on your hard disk.If other programs are currently running on your computer, the following dialogbox a

Installing the gateway softwareBefore installing your gateway software, you should make a backup copy ofthe installation disks, the Apple IP Gateway I

2 Double-click the Installer icon to open the Installer program.An informational dialog box appears. 3 Click Continue.The Installer dialog box appears

proceed to step 4. If you want to install the Gateway Manager in an alternatelocation, or if you want to install the gateway extensions into a differe

Preface: About This Guide / v1About the Apple IP Gateway / 1About IP networks / 2How the gateway works / 3How the gateway can be used / 5Using the gat

Using Custom InstallCustom Install allows you to pick and choose which files you want forinstallation. The following software is the minimum necessary

3 Click Continue.The Installer dialog box appears, set for Easy Install. 4 Choose Custom Install from the pop-up menu at the top of the Installer dial

The Custom Install dialog box appears.The Installer is set to create a folder on your startup disk called Apple IPGateway and to install the Gateway M

Click OK when you’re done reviewing the informational window.6 Click Install to place the selected software on your hard disk.If other programs are cu

7 When you see a message reporting that installation was successful, click Restart.Designating software locationsThe Installer automatically installs

Note: The process is the same whether the Installer is set for Easy Install orCustom Install.The Folder Selection dialog box appears:2 Using standard

3 Designate a folder for the Gateway Manager installation.You can select any folder on any hard disk, or you can create a new folderusing the followin

Note: The process is the same whether the Installer is set for Easy Install orCustom Install.The System Disk dialog box appears:2 Choose a system disk

After you double-click the icon, the Gateway Information window andmenus appear.2 Choose “Set up MacTCP” from the Control menu.Alternatively, choose C

With either method, the MacTCP control panel opens.3 Click an Ethernet icon in the upper section of the control panel.If you have multiple Ethernet co

Getting users ready / 36Hardware and software requirements / 37MacTCP configuration requirements / 37Configuring MacTCP for automatic addressing / 38C

5 Click Manually in the Obtain Address section of the dialog box, then click OK to return tothe MacTCP control panel.6 Enter the IP address of the gat

10 Enter the gateway address in the Routing Information section of the dialog box.This is the address of the IP router that routes packets from your l

With either automatic or manual addressing, you specify a range of IPaddresses that the gateway can provide, either dynamically or permanently.Automat

3 Click the radio button that represents your addressing choice.You can configure for automatic addressing, manual addressing, or both.4 Specify the n

Obtain these addresses from the network administrator. The end of the range isautomatically determined by adding the number of addresses permitted to

Hardware and software requirementsMost Macintosh computers in current use are adequate for accessing the AppleIP Gateway. Minimum requirements are:m a

The following configuration information can serve as your guide if you areplanning to distribute configured software. If users will be configuring the

3 Click the AppleTalk connection icon in the upper-left corner to select it (if it isn’t selectedalready).This icon indicates the connection method th

You do not need to enter an address.5 Click More.The Administrator dialog box appears.40 Chapter 2 / Installation and Setup

6 Click Server in the upper-left section of the dialog box.You do not need to enter a gateway address or any address class or subnetinformation.7 If n

The Apple IP Gateway is software that allows communication between anAppleTalk network or internet and an Internet Protocol (IP) network orinternet. T

Configuring MacTCP for manual addressingTo configure the software for manual addressing:1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple () menu.The Control Pa

Note: If your computer has only one connection method, you may not have aNetwork control panel. In this case, only one icon appears in the MacTCPcontr

5 Click More.The Administrator dialog box appears.6 Click Manually in the upper-left section of the dialog box, and then click OK.The MacTCP control p

11 Click OK.The Administrator dialog box closes and the MacTCP control panel reappears. 12 Click the control panel close box.If you are setting up Mac

Once the Apple IP Gateway and MacTCP have been successfully configured,operation is straightforward, whether the gateway is used on its own or inconju

Starting and stopping the gatewayYou start and stop the Apple IP Gateway from the Gateway Manager program.To start the gateway:1 Open the Gateway Mana

Monitoring the gatewayThere are two main ways to monitor the gateway: with the statistics gatheredin the Gateway Information window and with SNMP.View

The window monitors the gateway continuously. If you want to see its operationfrom a particular moment, choose Reset Statistics from the Control menu.

m details about all mounted volumesm details about the currently selected printerIf you want to institute remote monitoring, you will need to purchase

On-screen helpThe Apple IP Gateway includes Balloon Help, featuring balloons that providedescriptions of items on the Macintosh screen. To access Ball

3 Type a password in the “New password” text box.The password appears as dots rather than text. The password can be up to eightcharacters long, and it

Limiting network accessYou can control which networks the gateway will accept users from with thenetwork restrictions feature in the Gateway Setup dia

5 Click the “Use network restrictions” checkbox to select it, and then click Set Up.The Network Restrictions dialog box appears.6 Choose the restricti

restrictions for all LocalTalk networks in that set of numbers. You can also pickrange numbers that cover only a part of a network. 8 Click Add.The ne

6 Click Add after each addition.When you click Add, the network is added to the Network List.7 Click OK when you’re finished.8 If you want to remove n

10 Click OK.The dialog box closes. When you restart the gateway, your changes will bein effect.Preventing unauthorized access by IP computersThe Apple

The Apple IP Gateway links two complex network systems. Thereforeoperational errors are inevitable. This chapter suggests a basic approach totroublesh

Diagnosing and solving problemsThe following steps outline a troubleshooting strategy that you can use toisolate and solve problems as they come up.1

m Determine whether the gateway Macintosh is the source of the problem.m Determine whether the Apple IP Gateway software is the source of theproblem.4

Falk, Bennet, The Internet Roadmap, Sybex, San Francisco, 1994. A generalintroduction to Internet basics, covering how to use USENET, how to send E-ma

A user who has previously accessed the gateway can no longer do so.m The client’s IP address has been assigned to another client by the gateway.Have t

This appendix includes the Management Information Base (MIB) for theApple IP Gateway. The MIB includes a list of all variables that can bemonitored an

MacIP-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGINIMPORTSmgmt, experimental, CounterFROM RFC1155-SMIOBJECT-TYPEFROM RFC1212-MIB;-- This MIB module uses the extended OBJE

macipNumDynamicAddresses OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX INTEGERACCESS read-writeSTATUS mandatoryDESCRIPTION"The number of dynamic addresses configured on the

macipUseNBPConfirmTimeOut OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX INTEGER {true(1),false(2)}ACCESS read-writeSTATUS mandatoryDESCRIPTION"If true(1), the NBP Confirm ti

macipNBPConfirmTimeOut OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX INTEGERACCESS read-writeSTATUS mandatoryDESCRIPTION"Dynamic addresses will be made available to be reass

macipAddressesInUse OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX INTEGERACCESS read-onlySTATUS mandatoryDESCRIPTION"The number of dynamic addresses that have been assigned.

macipAssignRequestsRefusedErrs OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX CounterACCESS read-onlySTATUS mandatoryDESCRIPTION"The number of times an attempt to get a dynam

macipRunAtStartup OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX INTEGER {true(1),false(2)}ACCESS read-writeSTATUS optionalDESCRIPTION"If true(1), the gateway will run when t

netRestrictionsEntry OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX NetRestrictionsEntry ACCESS not-accessibleSTATUS optionalDESCRIPTION"The description of one of the gateway

netRestrictionsMode OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX INTEGER {allow(1),restrict(2)}ACCESS read-writeSTATUS optionalDESCRIPTION"If allow(1), nodes on this networ

ClientInfoEntry ::= SEQUENCE {clientInfoIPAddr IpAddress,clientInfoAppleTalkAddr DdpNodeAddress,clientInfoOwnerName OCTET STRING,clientInfoPacketsForw

clientInfoPacketsForwarded OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX CounterACCESS read-onlySTATUS optionalDESCRIPTION"The number of packets forward to the IP internet f

Aaccess to network, restrictions on. See networkrestrictionsadding networks to Network List 55–56addressing. See also automatic addressing; manualaddr

EEasy Installgateway software installation 19–21NSI installation 14–16Ethernet 12, 31cabling 3EtherTalk 12, 31restricting access 54Ffolder navig

Network Range text boxes (Network Restrictionsdialog box) 54–55network restrictions 53–55changing restrictions 55–56preventing access by IP compute

Apple IP Gateway Administrator’s Guide was written, edited,and composed on a desktop publishing system using AppleMacintosh computers, an AppleTalk ne

030-6291-APrinted in U.S.A.Apple Computer, Inc.1 Infinite LoopCupertino, California 95014-6299(408) 996-1010TLX 171-576

The Apple IP Gateway provides Macintosh computers on an AppleTalknetwork access to services on an Internet Protocol (IP) network—even if thecomputers