Apple Macintosh PowerBook 145B Uživatelský manuál

MacintoshUser’s GuideIncludes setup instructions and important health-related informationPart IILearning Part IGetting StartedPart IIIReferencePart IV

Gaining access to files on shared disks 193Before you begin 193Connecting to a shared disk 193Disconnecting from a shared disk 195Connecting q

85Learning More About Your ComputerIn this chapterm How to open the Battery desk accessorym How to open the PowerBook control panelm How to use the Ba

Open the Battery desk accessoryThe Battery desk accessory tells you approximately how muchpower is left in the battery as you use the computer.To open

2. Open the PowerBook icon.(Click the icon once to select it, then choose Open from theFile menu. Or double-click the icon.)The PowerBook control pane

4. To show a balloon describing your startup hard disk,point to the hard disk icon.A balloon appears next to the icon. Balloons do not affect howyou w

Use Part III of this bookPart III of this book, Macintosh Reference, contains all theinformation you need to use your computer’s hardware andsystem so

Setting Up Your ProgramsIn this chapterm Reinstalling system softwarem Installing your programsm Working with several programs at a timem Using the Sc

Installing your programsMost application programs come on floppy disks, and you installthem by simply copying them from the floppy disks to your hardd

Installing system software from floppy disksSystem software is a set of programs that your computer uses tostart up and operate. If you purchased a sy

4. When the computer prompts you, remove the disk andinsert the next disk the computer requests.During installation, the computer automatically ejects

Using access privileges 213Understanding access privileges 213Setting access privileges to folders and disks 214Access privilege strategies 21

m To avoid compatibility problems, be sure to use only onevirus-detection program at a time.m If your computer is on a network or if you use a modem,c

Switching programsYou can switch to another open program or desk accessoryby choosing its name from the Application menu.If a program’s icon is dimmed

Changing the amount of memory a program usesEach program you open sets aside the amount of memory itneeds. (If you don’t have enough memory to open a

Using the ScrapbookYou can use the Scrapbook to store text, graphics, sounds, andother elements that you frequently include in your documents.Storing

Using a RAM diskA RAM disk is a portion of your computer’s memory that you setaside for use as a temporary storage device. Using a RAM diskconserves p

3. Click the On button below the words “RAM disk.”4. Drag the slider to choose the percentage of availablememory you want to use for your RAM disk.Cho

Power ManagementIn this chapterm Checking the battery levelm Responding to low-power messagesm Recharging the batterym Removing or replacing the batte

The Battery desk accessory appears.The line of rectangles is the battery gauge. Black rectanglesindicate the charge level. You can see the level decre

The second message is followed almost immediately by a thirdand final message indicating that the computer is about to putitself to sleep. When time i

s Warning: Use only the power adapter that came with yourcomputer. Adapters for other electronic devices (includingother portable computers) may look

Quick Reference Summary and Shortcuts 239Double-click 236Shift-click 239Working with icons 239Selecting icons 239Opening an icon 240Mov

Recharging with a rechargerA battery recharger and additional batteries are available asoptions for your computer. If you purchase a recharger and ane

3. Place the battery in the recharger as shown.Recharging begins immediately. You can remove a batteryfrom the recharger at any time.ssss Important: T

4. Carefully pull the battery out of its compartment.5. If you are inserting another battery, slide it into thebattery compartment.Replacement batteri

Maximizing battery lifeTo maximize battery life, discharge and then recharge the batterycompletely once every 90 days. Just use the computer as younor

Maximizing work timeYour PowerBook’s battery can provide up to 3 hours of work timebefore you need to recharge it. The actual work time availabledepen

110 Chapter 7: Power ManagementAdjusting the battery conservation settingsThe Battery Conservation section of the PowerBook control panelgives you sev

More about automatic sleepThe Battery Conservation slider controls two different powerconservation features: system sleep and hard disk sleep.m System

Processor cyclingIf the computer is not doing anything for a few seconds, itreduces the power consumption of its microprocessor. Themicroprocessor com

Using DisksIn this chapterm Preparing a new disk for usem Erasing a diskm Choosing a startup diskm Protecting the information on a diskm Restoring the

1. Insert Disk Tools and turn on your computer.2. Locate the Apple HD SC Setup icon and open it.The name of the hard disk currently selected is shown

Appendix A Keyboard and Character Sets 259Using Caps Lock 260Typing special characters and symbols 260Appendix B Exchanging Disks and Files wit

Initializing a floppy diskInitializing a new floppy disk prepares the disk to storeinformation.1. Insert a new floppy disk into your floppy disk drive

Erasing a floppy diskErasing a disk actually reinitializes it.s Warning: When you erase a disk, you lose any informationthat was on the disk. s1. Cli

Scanning order for startup disksWhen you turn on your computer, it looks for a startup disk(a disk containing a System Folder) in the following sequen

Locking a fileYou use the Get Info command to lock a document or a program.Locking a program may affect its operation.1. Click the icon of the file yo

Chapter 8: Using Disks 119Backing up your filesYou can back up the work you store on a hard disk by copyingindividual files onto another disk in the

Using PowerBook 145B Backup for the first timeWhen you use the PowerBook 145B Backup program for the firsttime, you should make a copy of your System

Using PowerBook 145B Backup to update your backup copyKeeping your backup copy up to date will protect you in caseinformation on your hard disk is acc

4. Make sure your floppy disks are high-density. Thenclick the Continue button.A message appears, telling you how many high-density disksyou will need

Restoring the information on your hard diskIf information on your hard disk becomes damaged or lost, youcan restore it if you have a backup copy of th

5. Open the PowerBook 145B Restore icon by double-clicking it.In a moment you’ll see this screen:6. Read the information on the screen and click theCo

Radio and television interferenceThe equipment described in this manual generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy. If it is not installe

Restoring your System FolderIf your Macintosh does not start up any more, replacing theSystem Folder may solve the problem. If you used PowerBook145B

Ejecting a diskYou can eject a floppy disk by doing any of the following:m Click the disk icon to select it and choose Put Away from theFile menu.The

Caring for disksFor information on floppy disk care, see the section on workingwith disks in Part II of this book, or consult the instructions thatcam

m If the hard disk is external, make sure it is turned on and itscable is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.m Check the ID numbers of all S

3. Click the Drive button until the name of the disk youwant to test appears. Click the Eject button if you wantto insert a different floppy disk.4. C

Testing a hard diskYou can test a hard disk with the Apple HD SC Setup program,which is on the Disk Tools disk that came with your computer.1. Insert

Organizing Your FilesIn this chapterm Straightening up your filesm Using folders to organize your filesm Filing documents when you save themm Making i

Using folders to organize your filesMacintosh folders, like the paper folders in a file cabinet, can beused to store and organize your work. You can p

Filing documents when you save themThe first time you save a document (or whenever you choose SaveAs to create another version of that document), a di

Making items easier to findYour Macintosh provides several ways to make a file, folder,or other item easy to find and open. You canm create aliases fo

How to Use This BookThis book has several parts.n Chapter 1 explains how to set up your computer and learnhow to use it.n Chapters 2–5 are a tutorial

Locating the original of an aliasAn alias’s Info window shows the location of the original.1. Select the alias whose original you want to find.2. Choo

Finding an itemWhen the Finder is the active program, you can use the Findcommand in the File menu to find any item on any diskconnected to your compu

Finding an item using other criteriaYou can use the Find command to find items by size, label, date,or other characteristics.1. Choose Find from the F

6. Choose a search location from the pop-up menulabeled Search.7. If you want all items displayed at once, click thecheckbox labeled “all at once.”8.

Finding items that meet two criteriaYou can locate items that meet two sets of criteria, such as allitems created before a certain date and larger tha

Creating a template or stationeryMost documents can be saved as or converted into a stationerypad, which is a template form of the document. The templ

4. Close the Info window. The document icon now appears as a stationery pad icon.When you open a stationery pad, an untitled window appearsshowing the

Using the View menuYou can use the View menu to display the contents of a windowby icon or small icon, or you can list items according to variouschara

Tips on transferring filesYou can transfer files from your computer’s internal hard disk inthe following ways:m Over a networkYou can connect your com

Adapting Your Computerto Your Own UseIn this chapterm Specifying which items you want opened at startupm Installing an item in the Apple menum Install

Specifying which items you want openedat startupTo have a program or a document open automatically whenyou start up your computer, drag its icon or it

Most special files are stored in folders inside the System Folder.When you drag a file’s icon to the System Folder icon, yourcomputer recognizes which

Changing the items in the Label menuYou can change the labels in the Label menu. You make thesechanges in the Labels control panel.1. Choose Control P

You can also set the time and date using the General Controlspanel or the Alarm Clock.Setting a time for the Alarm Clock to go offYou can set the Alar

3. Click the alarm clock icon in the lower-right corner toselect it.The alarm clock icon becomes highlighted when you select it.The time that appears

Changing the date format1. Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu andopen the Date & Time control panel.2. In the Date & Time control p

Changing the time format1. Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu andopen the Date & Time control panel.2. In the Date & Time control p

Changing number and currency formatsYou can choose among several formats for displaying numbersand currency. 1. Choose Control Panels from the Apple (

Adjusting the way the trackball ormouse worksYou can adjust two aspects of trackball or mouse operation in theMouse control panel: tracking, which is

Adjusting the way the keyboard worksYou can adjust the rate at which a character repeats when its key isheld down as well as the delay before the char

Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBookIn this chapterm Setting up your computerm Backing up your computer’s hard diskm Learning how to use your computerm

Making keyboard shortcuts easier to typeWith the system software feature called Sticky Keys, you can typekeyboard shortcuts (such as x-S for the Save

Adjusting the blinking of a menu itemYou can change the number of times a menu item blinks when it’schosen. You make this adjustment in the General Co

Changing the way the contents of windows appearYou can change the way the contents of Finder windows aredisplayed, and you can change the items in the

Changing an iconYou can change an icon by creating or copying a picture you wantand then pasting it into an icon’s Info window. Some icons can’t be ch

160 Chapter 10: Adapting Your Computer to Your Own Use6. Choose Paste from the Edit menu.The picture you copied replaces the selected icon in the Inf

Managing memoryOccasionally you may need to make adjustments in how yourMacintosh uses its random-access memory (RAM) in order towork efficiently with

m Reducing the size of the disk cache makes more memoryavailable. (See the disk cache section in this chapter.)m Reducing the amount of memory a progr

Using hard disk space as memoryYour computer can use space on a hard disk to increase thememory available for opening programs. The disk space, called

5. Choose Restart from the Special menu.After you restart, your computer’s total memory includes thevirtual memory you set aside on the hard disk. Cho

Setting the beep soundMany programs have the computer make a sound when yourattention is required or when you’re attempting an action that thecomputer

Setting up the computerStep 1: Plug in the power adapterPlugging in the power adapter recharges the computer’s batterywhile you work. You should plug

Installing a soundYour computer comes with several beep sounds. You can getadditional sounds from various sources. m To install a sound, you drag its

Recording soundsYour computer can use an external microphone, which you canuse to record a sound and add it to the Sound control panel. 1. Connect a m

10. Type a name for the sound, and click OK.The new sound appears in the Sound control panel. Its icon alsoappears in the System file. Changing the ba

You can choose from a variety of patterns provided, or youcan create your own design by editing one of the patternssupplied. 3. To see the patterns av

6. When you’ve finished creating your new pattern, clickthe sample pattern to display it on your desktop. 7. To save the new pattern, double-click the

2. Locate the CloseView control panel.3. Drag the CloseView icon to theSystem Folder icon (not the SystemFolder window) on your startupdisk.4. Choose

You can set additional options in theCloseView control panel. Choose ControlPanels from the Apple (K) menu and openthe CloseView control panel.172 Cha

PrintingIn this chapterm Before you printm Printing your workm Controlling background printingm Working with fontsBefore you printBefore you can print

If your printer is connected directly to your computerMake sure you’ve connected the printer according to theinstructions that came with it.1. Choose

1. Choose Chooser from the Apple (K) menu.2. Click the Active button next to the word “AppleTalk.”If Active wasn’t already selected, a message appears

Step 2: Open the displaym Slide the latch to the right and lift up the display.Position the display at a comfortable viewing angle. You canadjust the

Selecting Page Setup optionsYou use the Page Setup dialog box when you’ve selected a newprinter in the Chooser, or when you want to use a different pa

Updating printer software on networked computersAll computers that share printers on a network must have thesame version of the printer software. The

If you want to update the printer software that is alreadyinstalled on your disk, go to step 5.When you click Customize, the custom installation dialo

v Printing color or gray-scale documents: You can print color or gray-scale documents on any color printer that can use theLaserWriter printer softwar

Solutions to common printing problemsIf nothing happens or if you see an error message when you try to print, try the following:m Make sure that the p

Controlling background printingIf you are using a LaserWriter or StyleWriter printer and thebackground printing option is turned on in the Chooser, yo

Working with fontsA font is a collection of letters, numbers, and symbols in adistinctive typographic design.Several fonts come with your computer’s s

Bitmap fonts (also called fixed-size fonts) appear only in certainsizes, because each character is a grid of black-and-white dots(called a bitmap), wh

Removing fonts1. Quit all open programs.2. Open the System folder on your startup disk.3. Locate the Fonts folder and open it.The Fonts folder contain

2. Choose Download Fonts from the File menu.3. If the font you want to download is not listed, click theAdd button to add fonts to the list.Use the di

K Apple Computer, Inc.This manual and the software described in it are copyrighted, with all rights reserved.Under the copyright laws, this manual or

Step 3: Turn on the computerm Open the door to the back panel of your computer.m Press the power button to turn the computer on. Thepower button has t

Finding out about available fontsMany programs have a Font menu that lists the fonts installed inyour system, though some programs do not list them al

Restarting a LaserWriter printerRestarting the printer clears its memory, removing the fontsstored there.1. Open the LaserWriter Font Utility icon.2.

Transferring a PostScript file to a LaserWriterYou can use the LaserWriter Font Utility to send a file in PostScriptformat to a LaserWriter printer.1.

Using Your Computeron a NetworkIn this chapterm What networking offersm Setting up your Macintosh on a networkm Gaining access to files on shared disk

You can designate specific folders and hard disks on yourcomputer as “shared files” that other people can gain access to. m Print documents on network

Connecting to a networkYour computer has built-in AppleTalk networking software. Thissoftware directly supports the LocalTalk cables you need toconnec

3. Close the Chooser.When AppleTalk is active, Macintosh PowerBook computers go tosleep automatically only when they run out of battery power, orwhen

Gaining access to files on shared disksYou can retrieve and store information on other computersconnected to your network. For example, a colleague ca

v If the AppleShare icon does not appear: Make sure thatAppleTalk is active in the Chooser. Make sure that theAppleShare file is in the Extensions fol

10. Click OK.If your password is not accepted: Make sure that Caps Lock isnot on. Type your password again, taking care not to maketyping errors. If i

You see the Macintosh desktop on your screen. The computer isready to use. Continue with the section “What to Do Next.”Trouble?m The computer made a s

Connecting quickly to a shared diskBy making an alias for a shared disk, you can connect to that diskby simply opening the alias.1. Connect to a share

3. If you’re connecting as a registered user, click thebutton that indicates whether you want to save yourname only, or both your name and your passwo

If a message tells you that you cannot change your password,your network administrator has turned off this feature.3. Type your current password. Then

Giving folder ownership to someone elseYou can give away ownership of any folder you own. Once you doso, however, the new owner can restrict your acce

Turning file sharing on1. Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu andopen the Sharing Setup icon.Make sure the boxes in the Network Identity sec

3. Click the box under File Sharing labeled “Allow gueststo connect” to place an X in it.4. Close the window and click Save in the box thatappears.You

5. Close the window and click Save in the dialog box.At this point, only you have access to the item you shared andthe files inside it, unless you tur

Naming a registered userYou can register as many as 100 people and groups combined, butfor best network performance you should name no more than 50.1.

Setting a registered user’s passwordYou can assign passwords for registered users to verify theiridentities when they want to gain access to your comp

3. Drag user icons to the new group icon.The icons are not moved inside the group icon, as they wouldbe if it were a folder. Instead, member icons are

What to do nextm If you have never used a Macintosh computer before,continue with the section “Learning the Basics.”m Otherwise, continue with the sec

Selecting a user or group to share a folder or diskYou can give one registered user or group exclusive access to ashared folder or disk on your comput

Chapter 12: Using Your Computer on a Network 207Preventing specific users or guests from accessingyour computerTo prevent all network access to you

4. If an X appears in the “Allow to connect” checkbox,click to remove the X (to deny access).5. Close the window and click Save in the dialog box.If y

Chapter 12: Using Your Computer on a Network 209Giving away ownership of a folder or disk onyour computerYou can give away ownership of a shared fo

2. In the section labeled File Sharing, click the Stopbutton.A dialog box appears in which you can specify a delay beforefile sharing is turned off. I

Disconnecting someone who is connected toyour computerYou can disconnect users who are currently connected to yourcomputer in the File Sharing Monitor

3. Open the owner icon (the one with the bold outline).4. Click the boxes labeled “Allow user to connect” and“Allow user to see entire disk” to place

2. Type a new password in the box labeled OwnerPassword and press Tab.Remember the capitalization. Your password is replaced bybullets to keep it priv

There are three types of access to shared items:m See Folders: allows people to see, open, and copy folders.m See Files: allows people to see, open, a

m If you’ve selected a folder you do not own, all thecheckboxes and their labels are dimmed.3. Choose a registered user or group to share theitem with

Chapter 1: Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook 7I Power buttonElevation feet¯ Power adapter portg SCSI port (HDI-30)V Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) p

m Keep a folder or disk private. To keep a folder or disk onyour own computer private, do not share it. To keep yourfolder on another computer private

Working with privileges that others have setWhen you are using the By Icon or By Small Icon view, theappearance of shared folders indicates the access

Linking programsSome programs can exchange information directly with otherprograms. For example, one program might be able to instructanother program

5. Click OK.In most cases, you need to identify yourself as a guest or aregistered user.6. Click Guest or Registered User.If you are a guest, click Gu

Turning program linking onWhen you turn program linking on, your computer is visible toothers on the network whenever they attempt to link a program.B

Allowing guests to link to your programsYou can let everyone on the network link to your sharedprograms.1. Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) me

Expanding Your Computer SystemIn this chapterm Using SCSI devicesm Connecting a modemm Connecting a printerm Connecting a mouse or other ADB devicem U

To connect a SCSI device to the SCSI port on your PowerBook,you need an Apple HDI-30 SCSI System Cable.Setting up one or more SCSI devices for use wit

The ID numbers of Apple SCSI devices can be set as follows.1. Make sure the SCSI device is turned off.If the device is already part of a SCSI chain, m

Checking that the SCSI chain is properly terminatedTo ensure accurate transmission of information, a chain of SCSIdevices must have a terminator at ea

Backing up your hard diskThis section describes how to protect the software on yourcomputer’s hard disk.Why back up?Your computer’s hard disk comes wi

Connecting cabless Warning: When making SCSI connections, always turn offpower to all devices in the chain. Failure to do so can causethe loss of info

Connecting a modemApple offers an optional, low-power, internal fax/data modem foryour computer. See the modem manual for information about thismodem

Connecting a printerThe printer port on your computer can accept either adirect cable connection (to a printer such as the StyleWriter)or a network ca

Using sound input and output devicesConnecting a microphoneYour PowerBook has a sound input port to which you can connectan external microphone. (Soun

Adding memory to your computerYour PowerBook computer comes with at least 4 MB of RAM.By adding memory upgrade cards you can increase yourcomputer’s m

Travel, Storage, and ServiceIn this chapterm Traveling with the computerm Storing the computerm Getting service and supportm Getting more information

m Some airlines may restrict or prohibit the use of computers inflight. Check ahead to find out what restrictions, if any, apply.m Take the necessary

Long-term storage (more than 2 weeks)1. Save your work on a hard disk or floppy disks.2. Choose Shut Down from the Special menu.3. Close the display.4

How to get helpTo obtain service in the United States, you can contact either yournearest authorized Apple dealer or Apple Computer directly. Ifyou ar

For more information aboutMacintosh computersMacintosh user groupsWhatever your level of computer experience, you may beinterested in joining a Macint

What you needJust as you’d need paper to make copies of important documents,you need floppy disks to copy the information on your hard disk.You can pr

APDAAPDA®is Apple’s worldwide source for over 300 developmenttools, technical resources, training products, and information foranyone interested in de

Summary and ShortcutsDouble-clickm Double-click an object on screen by pointing to theobject and clicking twice in rapid succession, withoutmoving the

Opening an iconYou open an icon by selecting it and choosing Open from the Filemenu or using the keyboard shortcut x-O or x–Down Arrow. Oryou can doub

Scrolling through the contents of a windowm Click the up, down, left, or right scroll arrow.m Click the vertical or horizontal scroll bar (when it’sgr

Using the outline form in list viewsAny list view you choose from the View menu (that is, any viewexcept the icon and small icon views) shows the cont

Pop-up menus often appear in dialog boxes that you use to setoptions or preferences. You can recognize a pop-up menu by asmall solid triangle, pointin

2. Drag to the menu item so that the submenu appears.3. Drag sideways to the submenu, drag to the submenuitem you want to choose so that it’s highligh

TroubleshootingThis section describes possible causes and solutions for somecommon problems you may have with your MacintoshPowerBook or associated eq

The computer just stopped.m The computer may have gone to sleep. Press any key on thekeyboard (except Caps Lock) to wake it again.m The battery may ha

The computer exhibits odd behavior, such as manyunexplained system failures.m A common cause of unexplained problems is multiple SystemFolders on your

Make the copy To start the PowerBook 145B Backup program, follow theseinstructions:1. Turn on your computer.2. Open the PowerBook 145B Backup program

The battery can’t be recharged.m There may be a loose connection. Make sure all plugs aresecurely attached.m The battery may be damaged or dead. Obtai

The screenThe screen looks blurred or out of focus.m The viewing angle may not be optimal. Tilt the display on itshinge until the screen looks better.

A window has disappeared.m Another open window on the desktop may have covered thewindow you’re looking for. Move, resize, close, or hidewindows you a

The computer doesn’t recognize your SCSI devices.m The devices may be off. Check to make sure that they areplugged in and turned on.m If the device is

The hard disk keeps stopping and starting again.m The hard disk may be going to sleep to conserve power. Openthe PowerBook control panel and move the

A message says that a disk is not initialized—but youknow that it is.m The disk may not be seated properly in the disk drive. Eject itand try insertin

ModemsThe external modem doesn’t work.m The modem may be turned off or improperly connected.Make sure that it is turned on and that all connections ar

The network printer keeps restarting.m Someone on the network may be using a different version ofthe printer software. Everyone connected to a network

NetworksYou can’t find or can’t open icons needed to set upfile sharing.m One or more icons may be in the wrong place. Make sure thatthe Sharing Setup

You can’t open a shared disk or folder.m You may not have the access privileges needed to use the diskor folder. Ask the network administrator or the

4. Click the appropriate choice, as follows:m The first time through these instructions, click the CopySystem Folder button.m The second time through

A program doesn’t work, or malfunctions consistently.m You may have more than one copy of the program on yourhard disk. Remove extra copies by draggin

Keyboard and Character Sets259Appendix A1!2@3#4$5%6 7&8*9(0)+=delete~'YUI OPQWE RTtablockcapsshiftctrl optionescshiftreturnenterSDF GHJKLAZXC

Using Caps LockThe Caps Lock key on PowerBook computers does not staydepressed even when it’s locked. You can tell whether Caps Lockis on or off by lo

To type a character with a diacritical mark (such as an acute accentor an umlaut), you press the Option key along with a specificletter key, and then

Exchanging Disks and FilesWith MS-DOS ComputersApple File Exchange is a file format conversion program suppliedon your hard disk. The program and tran

3. Click MS-DOS.4. If necessary, click the capacity (in K) of the disk youinserted.If you want to initialize a high-density (Ó) disk in MS-DOSformat,

Converting files to and fromMS-DOS formatApple File Exchange provides two methods of file conversion—text and binary. Text translation is for text fil

5. Pull down the translation menu you want.6. Make sure that the translators for the types of files youselected have checkmarks; if not, choose them s

Other file-conversion optionsApple File Exchange’s File menu provides several other options toassist you with file conversions.To see explanations of

MapThe Map control panel lets you set your computer’s location andfind out the distance and the time difference between yourlocation and cities around

6. Follow the instructions on the screen until a messagetells you that you’re finished. Remember to label eachdisk with the name displayed on the scre

2. Type the city nearest your current location and thenclick the Find button (or press the Return key).If you aren’t sure how the city is spelled, typ

The distance to and the time at the other location are shown atthe bottom of the window. The distance is based on the shortestpossible route (called t

Adding or removing a locationAdding a location1. If the map does not show the location you want to add,scroll by dragging beyond the map in the direct

AAbout This Macintosh command 161, 164,231accent marks, typing 260–261access privileges. See also file sharing; guests;network; passwordschecking 2

Application menuhiding and showing windows 96making open program active 59–60programs listed in 96switching programs 96application programs. See a

Ccablesnetwork 191safety instructions 26for SCSI connections 224, 226–227cache, disk 162, 250capitalization. See case sensitivityCaps Lock key 25

32-bit addressing 164time 148–149, 269trackball speed 154troubleshooting and 247Users & Groups control panel 200–201,203–205, 207–208, 211–21

documents. See also filesaliases for 134–135automatic updating of 190changing name of 70–71changing text in 62–65, 66–68closing 60, 69converting

Ffax/data modem 228file exchange 263–267File menuClose Window command 50, 79Download Fonts command 185Download PostScript File command 188Duplica

Turning the PowerBook on and offYour Macintosh PowerBook can be in one of three power states:off, sleep, or on.OffWhen the PowerBook is off, the compu

Finderchanging appearance of windows in 158checking memory use in 161, 231keyboard shortcuts in 244making active 58–60overview 61printing and 17

GGeneral Controls control panel 157, 168–170General Controls paneladjusting blinking rate 157changing background pattern 168–170setting time and da

copying 240of currently active program 60dimmed 96double-clicking 62dragging 39ejecting disks with 126highlighting 37labels for 142moving 135

Llabeling floppy disks 12Label menu 139, 142, 148labels, file 142Labels control panel 148LaserWriter. See also fonts; printersbackground printing

modemsconnecting internal and external 228power consumption of 109, 247selecting internal/external 228transferring files with 143troubleshooting

network administrator 190, 193, 197, 198Network icon 192network printers. See also printerschoosing 174–175troubleshooting 254, 255updating softwa

hard disk sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248, 252modem options 228processor cycling 112processor speed 111system sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248, 252p

programs. See also application programs;system softwareadding to Apple menu 135, 146aliases for 134application versus system 61for backing up hard

registered useraccess privileges of 213–215, 216changing password of 197–198connecting to a shared disk as 197creating a folder as 197denying acce

SCSI cables 224, 226, 227SCSI chains 128, 226–227SCSI devicesconnecting 227, 229ID numbers for 114, 128, 224–225installing software for 224overvi

ContentsRadio and television interference xivPreface How to Use This Book xvn Part I Getting Started With Your Computer 1Chapter 1 Settin

SleepWhen the PowerBook is in sleep, it draws enough power tomaintain the information in its memory (including any openprograms and documents). The co

Sleep command 14, 99Slow Keys feature 156Small Computer System Interface. See SCSI entriessoftware. See application programs;programs; system softwa

system failures 247System Folder. See alsofoldersbacking up 8, 10–12, 120–122Extensions folder 192, 194, 247Find command and 136Fonts folder 182,

Trashdeleting files with 71–72ejecting a disk with 126emptying 72, 100location of 16purpose of 52retrieving items from 72turning off warning for

Vvariable-size fonts 182vertical scroll bar 47–48viewingcontents of folders 242contents of windows 42–44hidden contents of windows 46–48hidden wi

The Apple Publishing SystemThis Apple manual was written and edited on a desktop publishing system using AppleMacintosh computers and QuarkXPress. Pro

OnWhen the PowerBook is on, you can do your work.To turn the PowerBook onm If the computer is off, press the power button (marked withthe icon I).m If

16 Chapter 1: Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBookWhen you turn on your computerWhen you turn on your PowerBook, the computer looks on thehard disk ins

Restarting a computer that’s already onYou need to restart your computer—turn it off and back on againimmediately—when you want to make certain change

m Hold down the power button for 5 seconds.When you let go, the computer turns itself off. Turning thecomputer off with the power button erases the co

Learning the basicsThe PowerBook comes with a tour and a tutorial to help you startusing your computer as quickly as possible.m The Macintosh Basics t

Finding the tourYour Macintosh Basics tour may be on a floppy disk, or it may beon the computer’s hard disk.m If the Macintosh desktop appeared on the

2. Being careful not to roll the trackball, press thetrackball button twice in quick succession.Now your screen should look like the picture following

4. Being careful not to roll the trackball, press thetrackball button twice in quick succession.Now your screen should look like the following illustr

6. Press the trackball button twice in quick succession.Now your screen should look like the following picture:If you don’t see this screen, try again

Learning the basics 19Before you begin 19Finding the tour 20Starting the tour from the hard disk 20Starting the tour from a floppy disk 24Im

Starting the tour from a floppy disk1. Insert the Macintosh Basics disk into the floppy diskdrive (metal end first, label side up).After a moment, you

2. Roll the trackball to move the arrow over the picture ofthe man labeled “Macintosh Basics.”Make sure the tip of the arrow is over the picture of th

Important care and safety instructionsFor your own safety and that of your equipment, read and followall the instructions in this section. Keep these

s Cautionm If you have a problem with your computer and nothingpresented in the manuals that came with the computer solvesthe problem, take the comput

m Do not use the computer in wet or dusty environments.m Keep dirt and liquids away from the ports on the back panel,the keyboard, and the trackball.

Health concerns associated withcomputer useMuscle soreness, eye fatigue, and other discomforts and injuriessometimes associated with computer use can

Repetitive stress injuriesRepetitive stress injuries (RSIs) can occur when a certain muscleor tendon is repeatedly overused and forced into an unnatur

Arranging your work space and equipmentThe suggestions in this section can help you work morecomfortably with your computer.ChairWhenever possible, us

m If you prefer, you can adjust the angle of the keyboard byrotating the elevation feet at both ends of the back panel untilthey snap into position.Th

General suggestionsm Wherever you’re working, take a moment to think aboutwhether you feel comfortable, and change position ifnecessary.m Occasionally

Chapter 3 Creating and Changing a Document 55Open a program 56Create a document 57Save your work 57Switch programs 58Close a document 6

Working on the DesktopIn this chapterReview basic trackball skills:m Moving the pointerm Choosing a commandm Opening an iconm Looking at the contents

Use the trackballYour computer has a two-button trackball. You use the ball itself tocontrol the movements of a pointer on the screen. The pointeryou’

ClickYou click an object on the screen by pressing and quickly releasinga trackball button while the pointer is over that object.Practice clicking dif

PressYou press by holding down a trackball button without moving thetrackball.Practice pressing the menu names and icons in the menu bar—start with th

DragYou drag an object on the screen by pointing to that object andholding down a trackball button while you roll the trackball.Practice dragging the

Choose a commandChoosing a command involves using a combination of thetrackball actions you’ve reviewed.1. Point to the Special menu title in the menu

Open an iconOpening an icon is your first exercise in telling the computer what you want it to do.1. Click the startup hard disk icon to select it.The

Look at the contents of a windowEvery window has several features that help you view thewindow’s contents. But before you can work with the contents o

4. Drag to the Open command so it becomes highlighted,and then release the trackball button.When you choose the Open command, the Trash icon opensinto

n Part III Macintosh Reference 91Chapter 6 Setting Up Your Programs 91Reminder: Back up 91Reinstalling system software 91Installing your

5. Click anywhere in the Macintosh HD window to makeit the active window.Notice that the solid lines now appear at the top of theMacintosh HD window.

2. Drag the size box in any direction, and then release thetrackball button.While you drag, an outline follows the pointer to indicate thewindow’s new

Move the hidden contents of a window into viewAs you work with your computer, you’ll encounter windowscontaining more than you can view on the screen

6. Drag the size box diagonally (up and to the left) tomake the window about half its current size, and thenrelease the trackball button.The bars acro

9. Drag the scroll box toward the middle of the horizontalscroll bar, and then release the trackball button.Now you see the icons near the middle of t

Move a windowYou can move a window anywhere on the screen by dragging itstitle bar. By changing the position and size of windows, you canarrange your

The window closes, and the Macintosh HD icon reappears inits previous form.The Trash window (the remaining window on the Macintoshdesktop) becomes the

Different types of icons represent different types of containers.Hard disks and floppy disks are like filing cabinets. You use disksto store files—you

Documents are files containing words, pictures, numbers,sounds—whatever you create with your programs.The Trash is a container for files that you no l

Using the keyboardYou use the keyboard to type text and numbers, just as youwould on a typewriter. (For touch typists, your keyboard hasraised dots in

Chapter 8 Using Disks 113Preparing a new disk for use 113Initializing a hard disk 113Initializing a floppy disk 115Erasing a floppy disk

55Creating and Changing a DocumentIn this chaptern How to open a programn How to use a program to create a documentn Why it’s important to save your w

Open a programYour computer comes with a simple word-processing programcalled TeachText. You’re going to use this program to create adocument.1. Open

Create a documentThe untitled window is like a blank sheet of paper. In theupper-left corner of the empty document is a blinking vertical line (|). Th

58 Chapter 3: Creating and Changing a Document2. Type “Opening Lines”.Because the word “Untitled” is selected (highlighted) whenthe dialog box appears

2. Make the Finder the active program by clicking theMacintosh HD icon, or clicking anywhere on thedesktop outside the Opening Lines window.The Finder

You choose Finder by pointing to the Application menu icon,pressing to pull down the menu, dragging to highlight thename Finder, and then releasing th

Open a documentWhen you open a document, the program you used to create thatdocument becomes the active program.1. If you closed the Macintosh HD wind

2. Open the Opening Lines icon by double-clicking it.To double-click an icon, you click it twice in rapid successionwithout moving the pointer. (Use t

3. Move the I-beam pointer to the immediate left of theword “people” (after “All”).4. Drag horizontally, selecting the word “people”, andthen release

Finding an item 136Finding an item by name 136Finding an item using other criteria 137Finding items that meet two criteria 139Ways to use the

Now you’ll rearrange some text.9. Move the I-beam pointer to the immediate left of theword “they” (after “conscience,”).10. Drag horizontally, selecti

15. Press the space bar once, type “are”, and then press thespace bar once again.16. Move the I-beam pointer between the letters t and h inthe word “t

Make more changesThe changes you’ve made so far are now part of the documentthat’s stored on your hard disk.1. Move the I-beam pointer (9) between the

5. Press the Delete key once, press the space bar once,and then type “and”.6. Move the I-beam pointer to the immediate left of “eachother”.7. Click th

11. Select the word “togetherness” by double-clicking it.To select a word by double-clicking it, position the I-beampointer over the word and then cli

Make a copy of a documentYou’ll often want to make a copy of a document so you canpreserve the original and modify the copy. To practice making acopy

3. Choose Duplicate from the File menu.A new icon, labeled “Opening Lines copy”, appears in the harddisk window. Notice that the icon is selected.Othe

3. With the name selected, type “Article 1”.Whatever you type replaces the selected text.4. Press the Return key.Pressing Return saves the new name.No

2. Drag the Article 1 icon to the Trash icon until bothicons are highlighted, and then release the trackballbutton.If the Macintosh HD window is block

Chapter 4Working With DisksIn this chapterm What hard disks and floppy disks are for, and how they differm How to insert and remove a floppy diskm How

Managing memory 161Checking memory use 161Making the most of your memory 162Adjusting the disk cache 162Using hard disk space as memory 163T

Insert a floppy diskYour computer’s floppy disk drive can accommodate 3.5-inch(89-millimeter) floppy disks of two types:m high-density disks, which ca

Floppy disks and hard disksBoth floppy disks and hard disks function like filing cabinets:you use them to store information. You can store much more o

Initialize a diskEvery new disk needs to be prepared for use. Preparing a newdisk is called initializing it. In the same way that lines are drawn ona

3. Click Erase.A third dialog box appears:4. Type “Practice”.If you make any typing errors, press the Delete key tobackspace over them.5. Click OK.The

Copy the contents of a diskMost programs you’ll use with your Macintosh are supplied onfloppy disks. You can use a program more efficiently if you fir

3. Open the Practice folder icon.To open the icon, click the icon to select it and then chooseOpen from the File menu.The folder holds the contents of

Take a floppy disk out of its driveYou take a floppy disk out of its drive when you no longer need toget information from or store information on that

Protect the contents of a diskYou can lock a floppy disk so its contents cannot be changed inany way. When a disk is locked, you can look at the files

On your own: Install your programsIf you have a floppy disk drive and disks containing programs thatyou plan to use with your Macintosh, you can insta

6. Click the program folder to select it.7. Choose Open from the File menu.The folder window appears, showing you the contents of the program folder.