Apple Mac OS X Server (version 10.2.3 or later) Uživatelský manuál Strana 44
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Hodnocené. / 5. Na základě hodnocení zákazníků
44 Chapter 2
Data Consolidation
For years, UNIX systems have stored administrative information in a collection of files located
in the /etc directory. This scheme requires each UNIX computer to have its own set of files,
and processes that are running on a UNIX computer read its files when they need
administrative information. If you’re experienced with UNIX, you probably know about the
files in the /etc directory—group, hosts, hosts.eq, passwd, and so forth. For example, a UNIX
process that needs a user’s password consults the /etc/passwd file. The /etc/passwd file
contains a record for each user account. A UNIX process that needs group information
consults the /etc/group file.
Open Directory consolidates administrative information, simplifying the interactions
between processes and the administrative data they create and use.
UNIX processes
/etc/
passwd
/etc/
hosts
/etc/
group
Mac OS X processes
Directory
services
LL0395.Book Page 44 Wednesday, November 20, 2002 11:44 AM
- Administrator’s Guide 1
- Apple Computer, Inc 2
- Contents 3
- 3 Users and Groups 117 4
- 4 Sharing 215 5
- 5 File Services 233 5
- 7 Print Service 335 6
- 8 Web Service 357 7
- 9 Mail Service 391 7
- 11 DHCP Service 501 9
- 12 NetBoot 511 9
- 13 Network Install 543 9
- 14 DNS Service 553 9
- 15 Firewall Service 563 9
- 16 SLP DA Service 583 10
- Appendix A 10
- The Scenarios 639 11
- How to Use This Guide 13
- Preface 14
- How to Use This Guide 15
- Administering Your Server 17
- Password Security 18
- Networking Security 18
- File and Printer Sharing 18
- Open Directory Services 19
- High Availability 20
- Directory Services 21
- File Services 23
- Chapter 1 24
- Print Service 25
- Web Service 25
- Mail Service 26
- Client Management 27
- Network Install 27
- Network Services 28
- QuickTime Streaming Service 29
- Application, tool 31
- For more 31
- Server Assistant 33
- Open Directory Assistant 33
- Directory Access 34
- Workgroup Manager 34
- Server Settings 35
- Server Status 36
- Macintosh Manager 37
- NetBoot Administration Tools 37
- Server Monitor 37
- Streaming Server Admin 38
- Directory Services 43 43
- Data Consolidation 44
- Data Distribution 45
- Directory Services 47 47
- Directory Services 49 49
- Local Data 50
- Shared Data 51
- Directory Services 53 53
- Two-Level Hierarchies 55
- More Complex Hierarchies 57
- The Automatic Search Policy 59
- Custom Search Policies 60
- General Planning Guidelines 61
- Directory Services 63 63
- Directory Services 65 65
- Password Server Database 67
- Password Server Security 67
- Directory Services 69 69
- Directory Services 71 71
- Directory Services 73 73
- Directory Services 75 75
- Directory Services 77 77
- Directory Services 79 79
- Directory Services 81 81
- Directory Services 83 83
- Directory Services 85 85
- Directory Services 87 87
- Directory Services 89 89
- Directory Services 91 91
- Directory Services 93 93
- Directory Services 95 95
- Directory Services 97 97
- 98 Chapter 2 98
- Directory Services 99 99
- Chapter 2 100
- Directory Services 101 101
- Directory Services 103 103
- Directory Services 105 105
- Directory Services 107 107
- Directory Services 109 109
- Directory Services 111 111
- Directory Services 113 113
- Directory Services 115 115
- Users and Groups 117
- Authentication 118
- Password Validation 119
- Information Access Control 120
- Administration Privileges 121
- Home Directories 122
- Mail Settings 122
- Resource Usage 123
- User Preferences 123
- Group Folders 123
- Workgroups 124
- Computer Access 124
- Users and Managed Users 124
- Administrators 125
- Guest Users 125
- Predefined Accounts 126
- Users and Groups 127 127
- Chapter 3 128
- Users and Groups 129 129
- Step 5: Create users 130
- Step 6: Create groups 130
- Users and Groups 131 131
- Users and Groups 133 133
- Users and Groups 135 135
- Defining Short Names 137
- Choosing Stable Short Names 138
- Avoiding Duplicate Names 138
- Users and Groups 139 139
- Defining User IDs 141
- Users and Groups 143 143
- Users and Groups 145 145
- Users and Groups 147 147
- Users and Groups 149 149
- Users and Groups 151 151
- Types of Home Directories 153
- Users and Groups 155 155
- Users and Groups 157 157
- Users and Groups 159 159
- Users and Groups 161 161
- Users and Groups 163 163
- Users and Groups 165 165
- Users and Groups 167 167
- Users and Groups 169 169
- Defining a Group ID 171
- 6 Click Save 173
- Users and Groups 175 175
- Users and Groups 177 177
- Users and Groups 179 179
- 2 Click the Accounts button 181
- Users and Groups 183 183
- 184 Chapter 3 184
- Users and Groups 185 185
- Users and Groups 187 187
- Users and Groups 189 189
- Users and Groups 191 191
- Users and Groups 193 193
- Users and Groups 195 195
- Choosing a Password 196
- Using Authentication Manager 197
- Migrating Passwords 198
- Users and Groups 199 199
- Setting Up a Password Server 201
- Users and Groups 203 203
- Understanding Kerberos 205
- Users and Groups 207 207
- Users and Groups 209 209
- Users and Groups 211 211
- Users and Groups 213 213
- Privileges 215
- Chapter 4 216
- Network Globe Contents 217
- Step 4: Turn file services on 219
- Security Issues 220
- Sharing 221
- Sharing 223 223
- Sharing 225 225
- Sharing 227 227
- Sharing 229 229
- Sharing 231 231
- File Services 235 235
- Chapter 5 236
- File Services 237 237
- File Services 239 239
- File Services 241 241
- File Services 243 243
- File Services 245 245
- File Services 247 247
- Setting Up Windows Services 249
- File Services 251 251
- File Services 253 253
- File Services 255 255
- Secure FTP Environment 257
- File Services 259 259
- Before You Set Up FTP Service 261
- File Services 263 263
- File Services 265 265
- File Services 267 267
- Before You Set Up NFS Service 269
- Setup Overview 269
- Step 1: Before You Begin 269
- Managing NFS Service 271
- File Services 273 273
- File Services 275 275
- File Services 277 277
- Client Management: Mac OS X 279
- Chapter 6 280
- Finding Applications 281
- Finding Shared Documents 281
- To set up a computer list: 285
- To delete a computer account: 289
- 9 Click Save 293
- Using Wireless Services 294
- Preference Management Options 298
- To manage user preferences: 299
- To manage group preferences: 299
- To start Classic after login: 305
- To add items to the Dock: 309
- To set the user environment: 313
- To hide the Eject command: 315
- To set email preferences: 319
- To set Web preferences: 319
- To set up how a user logs in: 321
- To show a password hint: 321
- Users Cannot Open Files 331
- Chapter 7 336
- Print Service 337 337
- Print Service 339 339
- Print Service 341 341
- Print Service 343 343
- Print Service 345 345
- Print Service 347 347
- Print Service 349 349
- Print Service 351 351
- Print Service 353 353
- Deleting Print Log Archives 354
- Print Service 355 355
- Configuring Web Service 358
- Providing Secure Transactions 358
- Setting Up Web Sites 358
- Understanding WebDAV 359
- Chapter 8 360
- Step 2: Create a default page 361
- Web Service 363 363
- Web Service 365 365
- Web Service 367 367
- Web Service 369 369
- Web Service 371 371
- Web Service 373 373
- Web Service 375 375
- Options Includes 376
- Web Service 377 377
- AddType text/html shtml 377
- Web Service 379 379
- #AddModule mod_php4.c 379
- Enabling WebMail 380
- Configuring WebMail 381
- Web Service 383 383
- Web Service 385 385
- A CGI Will Not Run 386
- Macintosh-Specific Modules 386
- Open-Source Modules 387
- Web Service 389 389
- Post Office Protocol (POP) 392
- Mail Service 393 393
- Chapter 9 394
- Mail Service 395 395
- SMTP Authentication 396
- Restricted SMTP Relay 396
- Rejected SMTP Servers 397
- Blacklisted Servers 397
- Step 2: Set up MX records 399
- Step 3: Start mail service 400
- Mail Service 401 401
- Mail Service 403 403
- Mail Service 405 405
- Mail Service 407 407
- Mail Service 409 409
- Mail Service 411 411
- Mail Service 413 413
- /usr/sbin/sendmail -bd 414
- Mail Service 415 415
- MAILSERVER=-YES 415
- MAILSERVER=-NO 415
- Mail Service 417 417
- Mail Service 419 419
- Mail Service 421 421
- Mail Service 423 423
- 424 Chapter 9 424
- Log Reject Result 424
- Mail Service 425 425
- Mail Service 427 427
- Account name 429
- Account ID 429
- Mail Service 431 431
- Internet 432
- Mail Service 433 433
- The User Experience 436
- Locating the Home Directory 437
- Chapter 10 438
- Software 439
- Hardware 439
- 3 Restart the computer 441
- Using Update Packages 441
- Macintosh Manager Security 442
- The Multi-User Items Folder 443
- Preparation for Using NetBoot 447
- To import all users: 451
- Using Guest Accounts 453
- To allow simultaneous logins: 457
- To duplicate a workgroup: 461
- To change Members settings: 461
- Types of Shared Folders 467
- To create a hand-in folder: 469
- To allow access to printers: 471
- To select a default printer: 471
- To open items at startup: 475
- To duplicate a computer list: 477
- To enable idle logout: 481
- To set up a login message: 485
- To customize a panel name: 485
- To view a report: 487
- Forced Preferences folder 491
- Preserved Preferences folder 491
- To use forced preferences: 493
- Always copied Never copied 495
- The User’s Computer Freezes 498
- DHCP Service 501
- Creating Subnets 502
- Using Static IP Addresses 502
- Locating the DHCP Server 503
- Step 1: Create subnets 503
- Chapter 11 504
- DHCP Service 505 505
- DHCP Service 507 507
- DHCP Service 509 509
- 12 NetBoot 511
- Client Computer Requirements 513
- Network Requirements 514
- Capacity Planning 515
- NetBoot Image Folder 516
- Mac OS ROM Boot file 517
- Chapter 12 518
- TFTP and the Boot Files 519
- Disk Images 519
- Shadow Images 520
- Security 521
- NetBoot and AirPort 521
- NetBoot 523 523
- NetBoot 525 525
- NetBoot 527 527
- NetBoot 529 529
- NetBoot 531 531
- NetBoot 533 533
- NetBoot 535 535
- Enabling Server Selection 537
- NetBoot 539 539
- Starting Up Using the N Key 540
- NetBoot Client 541
- Image Size 544
- Network Install 545 545
- Chapter 13 546
- About Packages 547
- Creating Packages 547
- Network Install 549 549
- Network Install 551 551
- Click Restart 552
- DNS Service 553
- DNS and BIND 554
- Using DNS With Mail Service 554
- DNS Service 555 555
- Step 2: Configure BIND 556
- Step 4: Start DNS service 556
- DNS Service 557 557
- What Is BIND? 558
- BIND on Mac OS X Server 558
- Practical Example 559
- Chapter 14 560
- Check Your Configuration 561
- Firewall Service 563
- Chapter 15 564
- What Is a Filter? 565
- Using Address Ranges 566
- IP Address Precedence 567
- Multiple IP Addresses 567
- Practical Examples 567
- Deny 25 (SMTP) 17.128.100.0 568
- Allow 25 (SMTP) All 568
- Deny 548 (AFP/TCP) All 568
- Firewall Service 569 569
- Firewall Service 571 571
- Viewing Denied Packets 573
- Firewall Service 575 575
- Firewall Service 579 579
- Firewall Service 581 581
- SLP DA Service 583
- Chapter 16 584
- SLP DA Service 585 585
- SR Service requests 587
- ERR SLP errors 587
- Using the Attributes List 588
- Tool or technique Use to 589
- Chapter 17 590
- Using installer 597
- /sbin/reboot 600
- /sbin/shutdown -r 600
- Configuring TCP/IP Settings 603
- Managing Network Services 604
- Designating Proxy Servers 604
- Requirements 607
- Failover Operation 607
- To enable IP failover: 609
- Configuring IP Failover 610
- Obtaining an SSL Certificate 616
- Mac OS X 623
- User record 629
- With Active Directory 639
- Appendix B 640
- URL to mount net 647
- Glossary 649
- Glossary 651 651
- Glossary 653 653
- Glossary 655 655
- Glossary 657 657
- Index 661 661
- Index 663 663
- Index 665 665
- Index 667 667
- Index 669 669
- Index 671 671
- Index 673 673
- Index 675 675
- Index 677 677
- Index 679 679
- Index 681 681
- 682 Index 682
- Index 683 683
- Index 685 685
- Index 687 687
- Index 689 689
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